Autism and ADHD continue to be the subjects of much debate and misunderstanding and until 2013 diagnostic manuals did not allow for the co-occurrence of autism and ADHD.

In this episode Thora Halldórsdóttir and Kristín Sigurdardottir, clinical psychologists and researchers from Iceland, join us to talk about the key findings from the study they led in Iceland that provides the first nationwide, population-based estimate of incidence and prevalence of autism, ADHD, and co-occurring autism-ADHD in young people without intellectual impairment between 2013 and 2021 assessed using gold-standard clinical methods.

They highlight that autism more often occurs in combination with ADHD than without, that the prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric conditions is high but not universal, and that the sex differences are not as large as previously thought.

Read the full article here:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00132-4/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

Other articles mentioned in this discussion:

Improving autism identification and support for individuals assigned female at birth: clinical suggestions and research priorities https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(23)00221-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

Evidence-based kindness and empathy for autistic children https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00080-4/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

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Mpox continues to spread in Africa and young children are experiencing the highest mpox burden and mortality of all ages.

In this episode Kyeng Mercy, epidemiologist at Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention takes us through the continental response to mpox, the Africa CDC data on mpox in children younger than 15 years, and African priorities in response to the mpox public health emergency.

Alongside her, Nuria Clemente Sanchez, paediatric infectious disease specialist at City St George's, University of London shares what paediatricians and clinicians need to know about how mpox presents and the latest information on mpox vaccine and therapeutic trials.

Mpox among children in Africa https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00064-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Hidden in plain sight: the threat of mpox to children and adolescents https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00298-0/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox: a systematic review and meta-analysis https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(23)00607-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Dr Anna Giolito and Professor Naïm Ouldali join Josefine Gibson to discuss their latest research on dexamethasone for paediatric pneumococcal meningitis.

Read the full article:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00029-X/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Deborah Fry from Childlight – Global Child Safety Institute talks with Amy Slogrove about the first global prevalence study of Online Childhood Sexual Exploitation and Abuse.

Read the full article here:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00329-8/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Content warning: This conversation is about child sexual abuse. Please consider your own emotional and psychological safety do whatever you feel is needed to safeguard yourself. Behind every number is a child. If you or someone you know needs support for child sexual exploitation and abuse, or if you are concerned that you might hurt a child, please visit Child Helpline International (https://childhelplineinternational.org) or Stop It Now (https://www.stopitnow.org).

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Kathy Pritchard-Jones (University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK) joins Ali Landman in conversation about tumour staging in childhood cancer, international standardisation of health data collection, and how to improve childhood cancer survival.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00302-X/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Amy Slogrove, Senior Editor for The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health delves into the groundbreaking LEAPS trial with Dr. Saima Siyal from Aga Khan University and Dr. Aisha Yousafzai from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Discover how this innovative program trained young women to deliver early childhood care and education in rural Pakistan, significantly improving school readiness and cognitive flexibility among children, learn about the dual benefits for both young children and youth, and explore the implications for global health and education systems.

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Professor Akash Deep joins Josefine Gibson in conversation about paediatric acute liver failure and when a critically ill child is unsuitable for liver transplantation.

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In this conversation we grapple with the complexity of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and discuss the Viewpoint published in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health on "Asking difficult questions about fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, in the context of the child, the mother, and the systems in which they live".

Read the full Viewpoint:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00188-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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