Episodes

  • The Comet That Cooled the Earth - Unpacking the Younger Dryas Mystery

    The Comet That Cooled the Earth - Unpacking the Younger Dryas Mystery
    Aug 22 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into intriguing new research that challenges our understanding of Earth's climatic history, the discovery of a rare astronomical phenomenon, and China's advancements in lunar exploration.
    Did a Comet Trigger the Younger Dryas Cool Off?
    A groundbreaking study has emerged suggesting that a massive comet may have instigated Earth's Younger Dryas cool off event, traditionally attributed to glacial meltwater. Analysis of ocean sediments published in the journal PLOS One reveals geochemical clues that support the hypothesis of Earth encountering a disintegrating comet around 12,800 years ago. This event could have led to rapid cooling, with temperatures plummeting by approximately 10 degrees Celsius within a year. The findings indicate a potential link between comet dust and significant climate shifts, inviting further investigation into this captivating theory.
    Discovery of a Rare White Dwarf Merger Remnant
    Astronomers have identified an ultra-massive white dwarf star resulting from the merger of two stars, rather than the evolution of a single star. This discovery, made possible by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, suggests that such white dwarf mergers may be more common than previously thought. The object, catalogued as WD0525 526, is located 126 light years away and is about 20% more massive than our Sun. Hubble's ultraviolet observations revealed carbon in its atmosphere, a sign of its violent origin, challenging previous assumptions about white dwarf formation.
    China Tests Its New Manned Lunar Lander
    In a significant milestone for lunar exploration, China has successfully conducted a test flight of its new manned lunar landing craft, named Lanyu. This test, which included a controlled landing and takeoff, marks a crucial step in China's ambitions to send taikonauts to the Moon by 2030. The Lanyu is designed to carry astronauts from lunar orbit to the surface and back, with plans for a permanent lunar base in collaboration with Russia in the early 2030s.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/
    Nature Astronomy
    https://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/
    NASA Hubble Space Telescope
    https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html
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    20 mins
  • Comet 3I Atlas - The Interstellar Voyager Unveiled

    Comet 3I Atlas - The Interstellar Voyager Unveiled
    Aug 20 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest revelations from the cosmos, featuring the intriguing interstellar comet 3I Atlas, a groundbreaking theory about our place in the universe, and the safe return of SpaceX Crew 10.
    The Enigmatic Comet 3I Atlas
    Astronomers utilizing NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have captured the sharpest images yet of the interstellar comet 3I Atlas, revealing a solid icy nucleus estimated to measure between 320 meters and 5.6 kilometers in diameter. This comet, traveling at a staggering 209,000 kilometers per hour, is believed to have been journeying through interstellar space for approximately 7 billion years. Observations from multiple telescopes are enhancing our understanding of this ancient visitor, including its size, chemical makeup, and physical properties. With a dust plume and tail reminiscent of solar system comets, 3I Atlas offers a unique glimpse into the history of our galaxy as it approaches the sun.
    Earth's Position in a Cosmic Void
    A new hypothesis suggests that Earth and the Milky Way may reside in a vast cosmic void rather than along a filament of the universe's cosmic web. This idea could help resolve the Hubble tension, a discrepancy in the rate of the universe's expansion. The study, presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's National Astronomy Conference, posits that our galaxy might be near the center of a local void, influencing the observed expansion rate of the universe. This intriguing concept challenges existing cosmological models and could reshape our understanding of cosmic structure.
    Safe Return of SpaceX Crew 10
    After five months aboard the International Space Station, SpaceX Crew 10 has safely returned to Earth. Their Dragon capsule splashed down in the North Pacific Ocean, marking the end of a mission that contributed to over 200 scientific experiments, ranging from plant growth studies to the effects of microgravity on human physiology. The crew's successful return paves the way for their replacements, Crew 11, to continue vital research in low Earth orbit.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Astrophysical Journal Letters
    https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205
    Royal Astronomical Society
    https://ras.ac.uk/
    NASA's Hubble Space Telescope
    https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
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    23 mins
  • The Cosmic Horseshoe - Unraveling the Universe's Biggest Black Hole

    The Cosmic Horseshoe - Unraveling the Universe's Biggest Black Hole
    Aug 18 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest astronomical marvels and pressing concerns in space science.
    The Cosmic Horseshoe: A Supermassive Discovery
    Astronomers have potentially identified the most massive supermassive black hole ever discovered, dubbed the Cosmic Horseshoe, which is estimated to be around 36 billion times the mass of our Sun. Located approximately 5 billion light years away, this colossal black hole distorts space-time and creates a stunning Einstein ring effect by gravitationally lensing light from distant galaxies. The measurement of its mass combines gravitational lensing and stellar kinematics, providing a rare glimpse into the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central black holes.
    Possible New Planet in the Alpha Centauri System
    Exciting news emerges from the Alpha Centauri star system, where astronomers may have discovered a new planet orbiting Alpha Centauri A, the closest star system to our own at just 4.25 light years away. Using data from NASA's Webb Space Telescope, researchers suggest this Saturn-sized gas giant could be located in the habitable zone of a sun-like star. While the planet's gaseous nature may not support life, its proximity offers a unique opportunity to study planetary systems beyond our own, challenging existing theories on planet formation in binary star systems.
    The Satellite Proliferation Dilemma
    As the number of satellites in Earth orbit continues to rise, astronomers are sounding alarms over the interference these satellites cause to vital scientific research. A study has highlighted the impact of Starlink's megaconstellation on radio astronomy, with significant radio emissions masking faint signals from the universe. This growing concern emphasizes the need for regulatory measures to mitigate interference and protect the integrity of astronomical observations.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
    https://academic.oup.com/mnras
    Astrophysical Journal Letters
    https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205
    Astronomy and Astrophysics Journal
    https://www.aanda.org/
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    25 mins
  • NISAR Launch: Unveiling Earth's Secrets Through Radar

    NISAR Launch: Unveiling Earth's Secrets Through Radar
    Aug 14 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we journey through the latest advancements in space exploration and cosmology, featuring a groundbreaking radar mission, a new hypothesis on the universe's origins, and updates on the International Space Station.
    NISAR: A New Era in Earth Observation
    The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched the NISAR satellite, a joint mission with NASA that promises to revolutionise our understanding of Earth's dynamic systems. This advanced synthetic aperture radar satellite will monitor changes in forests, wetlands, and ice-covered surfaces with unprecedented detail, providing crucial data for disaster response, infrastructure management, and climate change studies. With its ability to see through clouds and operate day and night, NISAR will deliver vital insights into the planet's movements and environmental changes every 12 days, enhancing our preparedness for natural hazards.
    A New Hypothesis on the Universe's Origins
    In a significant shift in cosmological theory, scientists have proposed a new model that explains the universe's early moments without relying on speculative elements. This revolutionary hypothesis, reported in the journal Physical Review Research, suggests that natural quantum fluctuations in a state known as de Sitter space could account for the density differences that led to the formation of galaxies and stars. By eliminating arbitrary parameters, this model offers a clearer understanding of the cosmos and poses fundamental questions about our existence and origins.
    Russia's Commitment to the International Space Station
    In a surprising announcement, Russia has confirmed its intention to remain a partner in the International Space Station (ISS) project until at least 2028, despite previous threats to withdraw. This decision comes amid ongoing geopolitical tensions and technical challenges within the Russian segment of the ISS. As the global space community continues to evolve, Russia's commitment ensures continued collaboration in low Earth orbit, even as plans for an independent Russian space station progress.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Physical Review Research
    https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/
    NASA NISAR Mission
    https://www.nasa.gov/nisar
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
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    18 mins
  • Planetary Demise - Tracking the Death Spiral of TOI 2109b

    Planetary Demise - Tracking the Death Spiral of TOI 2109b
    Aug 13 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the cosmic drama unfolding in our universe, featuring a doomed exoplanet, new revelations about Mars, and the latest crew aboard the International Space Station.
    The Death Spiral of TOI 2109b
    Astronomers are closely monitoring the death spiral of TOI 2109b, an exoplanet located over 870 light-years away. This gas giant, nearly five times the mass of Jupiter, completes an orbit around its host star in just 16 hours, making it the closest hot Jupiter discovered to date. Researchers from Macquarie University have found that the planet's orbit is decaying, leading to three potential end scenarios: being torn apart by tidal forces, plunging into its host star, or losing its gaseous envelope to intense radiation. These findings provide valuable insights into planetary evolution and the fate of gas giants in close orbits.
    New Insights into Mars's Ancient Surface
    A recent study has identified a new type of iron sulfate on Mars, suggesting significant geothermal and chemical activity on the planet's surface. Researchers have characterized this uncommon mineral, which may represent a new type due to its unique crystalline structure. The discovery sheds light on how heat, water, and chemical reactions have shaped Mars, and indicates that the planet may have been more geologically active than previously thought. This research enhances our understanding of Mars's potential to have supported life in its past.
    New Crew Arrives at the International Space Station
    NASA has successfully delivered a new crew to the International Space Station aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule. The crew, consisting of two Americans, a Russian, and a Japanese astronaut, will replace colleagues who have been aboard since March. As NASA considers extending crew stays from six to eight months to reduce costs, the new team is set to contribute to ongoing research and operations in low Earth orbit.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Astrophysical Journal
    https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357
    Nature Journal
    https://www.nature.com/nature/
    NASA's International Space Station
    https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
    00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 97 for broadcast on 13 August 2025
    00:42 Astronomers are tracking the death spiral of a doomed planet more than 870 light years away
    12:06 ToI 2109 is one of the most interesting systems that we've got
    17:06 Scientists have identified a new type of iron sulfate on the Red Planet
    23:47 NASA has delivered four new crew members to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX Dragon
    25:10 New study claims consuming three fries a week increases risk of developing type 2 diabetes
    26:13 Google about to offer AI study tools to college students for free
    29:53 You've got to check for updates on all your Apple devices
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    32 mins
  • Cosmic Monsters and Martian Rivers

    Cosmic Monsters and Martian Rivers
    Aug 11 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and ambitious plans in the realm of space exploration.
    The Most Distant Black Hole: Casper's Lidz 9
    Astronomers have identified the most distant black hole ever observed, known as Casper's Lidz 9, dating back 13.3 billion years to a time when the universe was only half a billion years old. This supermassive black hole, weighing in at approximately 300 million solar masses, raises intriguing questions about its rapid growth in the early universe. The findings, published in the Astrophysical Journal, provide a unique opportunity to study the structure and evolution of galaxies during this enigmatic period, with implications for our understanding of black hole formation.
    New Insights into Ancient Martian Water
    Recent research suggests that Mars was even wetter than previously believed. A study presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's national meeting examined over 1500 kilometres of ancient riverbeds in the Nochesterra region, indicating that flowing water was widespread during the Noche and Hesperian transition around 3.7 billion years ago. These findings challenge existing theories about Mars's dry history and suggest a more complex and active planet, potentially providing a more hospitable environment for ancient life.
    Nuclear Reactors for Moon and Mars Bases
    The United States has unveiled plans to develop nuclear reactors to power future bases on the Moon and Mars, with the first plant expected to launch by the end of the decade. This initiative aims to support sustained human presence on these celestial bodies, addressing energy needs that solar power cannot fulfil. The reactors will provide essential electricity for life support, scientific equipment, and resource utilisation, marking a significant step in the ongoing space race.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Astrophysical Journal
    https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357
    NASA's Artemis Program
    https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
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    21 mins
  • Martian Glaciers Revealed: Unveiling Water Ice and the Hunt for Intermediate Mass Black Holes

    Martian Glaciers Revealed: Unveiling Water Ice and the Hunt for Intermediate Mass Black Holes
    Aug 8 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover intriguing discoveries about Mars, the cosmos, and the latest advancements in space technology.
    Martian Glaciers: Pure Water Ice
    Recent research reveals that Martian glaciers are composed of over 80% pure water ice, challenging previous assumptions that they were primarily rocky. This groundbreaking study, led by Yuval Steinberg from the Weizmann Institute, utilized standardized measurements to analyze the dielectric properties of these glaciers, providing a clearer understanding of their composition. The findings not only enhance our knowledge of Martian geology but also have significant implications for future manned missions, as these glaciers could serve as vital water sources for astronauts.
    Discovery of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole
    NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-Ray Observatory have identified a rare intermediate mass black hole, known as NGC6099HLX1, actively consuming a star. This black hole, located approximately 450 million light-years away, resides in a compact star cluster and exhibits extreme luminosity during its tidal disruption event. The discovery sheds light on the formation of black holes and their role in galactic evolution, providing crucial insights into the elusive intermediate mass category that bridges stellar and supermassive black holes.
    United States Space Force's X37B Mission
    The United States Space Force is gearing up for the eighth mission of its Boeing X37B space shuttle, set to launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Base. This mission will test advanced technologies, including a high-bandwidth inter-satellite laser communications system and a cutting-edge quantum inertial sensor. The X37B's unique capabilities allow it to conduct classified operations while remaining difficult to track, highlighting its significance in modern space operations.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Icarus Journal
    https://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarus
    Astrophysical Journal
    https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357
    NASA Hubble Space Telescope
    https://hubblesite.org/
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
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    22 mins
  • Galactic Secrets Uncovered: The Milky Way's Orphan Galaxies and Parker Solar Probe's Stunning Solar Images

    Galactic Secrets Uncovered: The Milky Way's Orphan Galaxies and Parker Solar Probe's Stunning Solar Images
    Aug 6 2025
    In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore exciting new findings about our galaxy, the latest achievements of NASA's Mars Curiosity rover, and groundbreaking images of the Sun captured by the Parker Solar Probe.
    Milky Way's Hidden Satellites
    Recent research suggests that the Milky Way may host up to 100 previously undetected satellite galaxies. Using advanced supercomputer simulations and mathematical modeling, astronomers have identified the existence of these faint dwarf galaxies, which could provide crucial support for the Lambda cold dark matter model. Currently, only 60 companion galaxies are confirmed, but with new telescopes like the Vera Rubin Observatory, the search for these elusive satellites is set to expand, potentially reshaping our understanding of the universe's structure.
    Curiosity Rover Reaches New Heights
    NASA's Mars Curiosity rover has made significant progress in its exploration of Mount Sharp, revealing intricate geological formations known as boxwork. This unique terrain, shaped by ancient groundwater processes, offers valuable insights into the Red Planet's history. Curiosity has been utilizing its advanced instruments to analyze the composition of the Martian surface and conduct atmospheric observations, marking a new phase in its mission to uncover the secrets of Mars.
    Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking Images
    In a groundbreaking achievement, NASA's Parker Solar Probe has captured the closest images of the Sun ever taken. These stunning observations, made during a recent pass through the solar corona, are helping scientists understand solar phenomena and their impact on space weather. The high-resolution images reveal important details about the solar wind and coronal mass ejections, providing insights that could improve predictions of solar activity and protect technology on Earth.
    www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
    ✍️ Episode References
    Nature Astronomy
    https://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/
    NASA Mars Curiosity Mission
    https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/
    Parker Solar Probe
    https://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probe
    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
    00:00 New study says Milky Way could have far more satellite galaxies than previously thought
    00:47 Our Milky Way galaxy could have more satellite galaxies surrounding it than previously predicted
    05:37 NASA's Mars Curiosity rover reaches new heights exploring boxwork terrain on Mount Sharp
    09:08 NASA's Parker Solar Probe captured stunning new images of the solar atmosphere
    18:40 A new study warns that hail storms could hit Australian cities harder due to climate change
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    27 mins