In this episode—the second of three on gladiators and related topics—Emily and Cam talk about what happened in the Colosseum and in other Roman arenas. First, they discuss the kinds of things that people would expect to see when they went to the games, including beast shows, public executions, and gladiator matches. Then, they focus on the gladiators themselves: who were they, and what were their lives like?

Links:

• The Zliten mosaic (with pictures)
• Gladiator Graffiti near the Porta Nocera in Pompeii (scroll down toward bottom, to the section on tomb 14EN)
• Image of the tombstone of Urbicus the Secutor

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00:10 - Introduction

01:57 - The Games

• 02:14 - Funeral games and the origins and development of gladiator combat
• 06:17 - The games in the age of the Colosseum
• 08:44 - Beast shows and hunters (venatores)
• 11:22 - Public punishments and spectacular executions
• 15:00 - Gladiator combat: gladiator graffiti from Pompeii and the excitement of the matched pair
• 19:52 - Mock battles, naval and otherwise, with a digression on Certamen players and the phrase “we who are about to die salute you”
• 23:13 - Keeping score: gladiator win-loss records, referees, and the possibility of survival
• 26:22 - An underdog story: the victories of Marcus Attilius at Nola
• 28:37 - Gladiators as celebrities (and sex symbols)

31:48 - The Gladiators: who were they, and what were their lives like?

• 32:14 - Who fought as gladiators?
• 33:14 - Gladiator “schools” (ludi) and managers (lanistae)
• 37:02 - Gladiator cemeteries and what they tell us about living conditions (diet, injuries, life expectancy)
• 43:22 - Evidence from tombstones: why did free people fight as gladiators?
• 50:08 - Evidence from tombstones: the lives of enslaved gladiators