Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are countries' self-determined climate commitments under the Paris Agreement, with 2025 marking crucial NDC 3.0 submissions ahead of COP30. In this episode, Toyo Kawabata, Programme Officer, NDC Implementation at IRENA, explores why renewable energy targets in NDCs are essential in helping countries to transition away from fossil fuels. He also discusses the barriers to stronger commitments and pathways for transforming pledges into actionable plans.

Offshore wind is emerging as a critical technology for the energy transition. With only 83GW of installed capacity today, it has vast untapped potential. In this episode, Simon Benmarraze, Head, Energy Planning and Modelling at IRENA, and Rikke Povlsen from the Global Offshore Wind Alliance (GOWA) explore the technical and commercial viability of GOWA's ambitious target of 2,000 gigawatts of offshore wind by 2050. They discuss falling costs, innovations in floating offshore wind and the role of public-private partnerships in accelerating the deployment of offshore wind.

Battery energy storage is essential for maximising the potential of renewables, and with costs falling 93% since 2010, it has shifted from a costly barrier to a key enabler of the energy transition. In this episode, Deborah Ayres, Renewable Energy Costs team at IRENA explores the drivers behind the cost reductions, policies needed to accelerate deployment and why affordable battery storage is essential for modernising grids, integrating more renewables and achieving the goal of tripling renewable capacity by 2030.

Maritime shipping and aviation together represent over 5 % of global energy-related CO2 emissions, making decarbonisation of these sectors essential. While electric vehicles have revolutionised road transport, aviation and shipping face unique decarbonisation challenges from longer asset lifetimes, complex infrastructure needs, and fuel compatibility requirements. In this episode, IRENA's Arno van den Bos, Analyst – Green Hydrogen Energy (Power to X), explores the innovative approaches needed to cut emissions to make global transport cleaner and more sustainable.

Heavy industries such as shipping, aviation, steel and aluminium account for over a quarter of global carbon emissions, yet remain among the toughest sectors to decarbonise. From the high costs of switching production processes to scaling immature technologies, the challenges are immense. IRENA's Deepti Siddhanti and Karan Kochhar from the Innovation and End-Use team examine the systemic approaches needed to decarbonise heavy industry, explore promising solutions, and share why international collaboration is essential for industrial transformation and a net-zero future.

Road transport accounts for three-quarters of overall global transport emissions, making it a critical sector for decarbonisation. Whilst the ever-increasing amount of electric vehicles is a positive trend, the rising global demand for road transport services, especially in the developing economies, still translates into rising emissions.

In this episode of All Things Renewable, host Daria Gazzola speaks with IRENA’s Programme Officer Jinlei Feng about the role of electric vehicles, infrastructure needs, and innovative solutions to cut emissions, while making cities cleaner, greener, and more accessible.

© IRENA 2025
Unless otherwise stated, material in this podcast may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of the author(s) as the source and IRENA as copyright holder.
The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of IRENA or all its Members. IRENA does not assume responsibility for the content of this work or guarantee the accuracy of the data included herein. Neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provide a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the content or material herein. The mention of specific companies, projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended, either by IRENA or the author(s). The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA or the author(s) concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries.

Hydrogen has the potential to decarbonise heavy industry, aviation, and steel production, but significant hurdles remain. From the "chicken and egg" dilemma affecting investment decisions to bridging the cost gap with fossil-derived alternatives, the path to scale isn't simple.

IRENA's James Walker, Team Lead - Renewable Gases and Francisco Gaffaro, Team Lead - Power Sector Transformation at IRENA examine the factors needed to advance green hydrogen, explore what makes hydrogen more than just a fuel and share the technological developments that have them most excited.

© IRENA 2025
Unless otherwise stated, material in this podcast may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of the author(s) as the source and IRENA as copyright holder.
The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of IRENA or all its Members. IRENA does not assume responsibility for the content of this work or guarantee the accuracy of the data included herein. Neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provide a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the content or material herein. The mention of specific companies, projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended, either by IRENA or the author(s). The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA or the author(s) concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries.

Artificial intelligence is driving unprecedented data center expansion, with electricity demand projected to double by 2030. Can we meet this surging energy demand while maintaining the energy transition? In this episode, Adrian Gonzalez, Programme Officer - Innovation and End-use Sectors at IRENA, explores how a diversified renewable portfolio and smart grid solutions can power our AI-driven digital future sustainably.

© IRENA 2025Unless otherwise stated, material in this podcast may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of the author(s) as the source and IRENA as copyright holder.The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of IRENA or all its Members. IRENA does not assume responsibility for the content of this work or guarantee the accuracy of the data included herein. Neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provide a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the content or material herein. The mention of specific companies, projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended, either by IRENA or the author(s). The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA or the author(s) concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries.