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Date: March 23, 2025

Sources Reviewed:

• "50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War Commemoration | Vietnam War Commemoration"
• "In Country: Stories from the Vietnam War | Vietnam War (1961-1975) | Serving: Our Voices | Veterans History Project Collection | Digital Collections | Library of Congress"
• "NHHC" (Naval History and Heritage Command website)
• "National Vietnam War Veterans Day 2025 in the United States" (timeanddate.com)
• "VA News and Information"
• "VA.gov Home | Veterans Affairs"
• "Veterans Return Home | Oklahoma Historical Society"
• "Vietnam War 50th Year Commemoration | The United States Army"
• "Why Were Vietnam War Vets Treated Poorly When They Returned? | HISTORY"

Executive Summary:

This briefing document synthesizes information from multiple sources regarding the commemoration of the Vietnam War and the ongoing recognition of its veterans. Key themes include the historical context of the war and its impact, the often-negative reception Vietnam veterans initially faced upon returning home, the establishment and significance of National Vietnam War Veterans Day (March 29th), and the current efforts by various organizations, including the Department of Defense and the Department of Veterans Affairs, to honor and thank these veterans and their families. The 50th anniversary commemoration, launched in 2012 and continuing through Veterans Day 2025, serves as a focal point for these efforts.

Main Themes and Important Ideas/Facts:

1. The Vietnam War: A Divisive Conflict and its Lasting Impact:

• The Vietnam War (roughly 1955-1975 for the US involvement) was a prolonged and complex conflict with significant human cost in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos. The US involvement escalated in the 1960s during the Cold War, driven by fears of communist expansion.
• The war became increasingly unpopular in the United States, dividing American society. As the Oklahoma Historical Society notes, "The Vietnam War divided American society. Those who served were often treated as traitors instead of heroes, and found it difficult to adjust to life back home."
• The "In Country: Stories from the Vietnam War" collection by the Library of Congress highlights the diverse and often difficult experiences of the 2.7 million Americans who served in Vietnam, recalling the "visceral experience of the places in which they spent their tours of duty, vividly recalling the sights, sounds, and smells of Vietnam a half-century after coming home." These personal narratives underscore the individual human impact of the war.

2. The Negative Reception of Returning Vietnam Veterans:

• Unlike veterans of previous wars, Vietnam veterans often did not receive a warm welcome home. As HISTORY states, "American soldiers returning home from Vietnam often faced scorn as the war they had fought in became increasingly unpopular."
• Several factors contributed to this, including the lack of clear victory, the divisiveness of the war, and a desire by some Americans to forget the conflict. Jerry Lembke, a Vietnam veteran and sociologist, explains, "Vietnam was a lost war, and it was the first major lost war abroad in American history. You don’t have parades for soldiers coming home from a war they lost."
• Veterans like Steven A. Wowwk recounted instances of direct hostility: "I remember feeling like, what could I do to acknowledge them, and I just gave the peace signal... And instead of getting return peace fingers, I got the middle finger."
• The lack of adequate GI benefits and institutional indifference further compounded the challenges faced by returning veterans, a

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