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9 絕對道德法則與康德的洞見

9 絕對道德法則與康德的洞見

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這些文本探討了是否存在絕對的道德準則，尤其是在戰爭和個人道德困境中的應用。文章以哈裏·杜魯門投下原子彈的決定和哲學家伊麗莎白·安斯科姆的反對為例，引出了關於殺害無辜者的倫理辯論。隨後，文章深入探討了伊曼努爾·康德的“絕對命令”理論，該理論認為道德法則應普遍適用且無例外，並重點分析了康德關於說謊永遠是錯誤的論證及其潛在缺陷。最後，文本提出了道德規則之間可能出現的沖突，例如在新奧爾良颶風期間醫療工作者面臨的困境，並總結了康德理論中關於道德判斷需要一致性的核心洞見，同時指出這一洞見不一定支持道德規則是絕對的觀點。
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