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11 女性主義與關懷倫理

11 女性主義與關懷倫理

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文本探討了女性主義與關懷倫理,追溯了關於男女道德思維差異的傳統觀點,從亞裏士多德到康德和盧梭,他們普遍將女性置於次等地位。文章隨後討論了科爾伯格的道德發展階段理論及其在海因茨困境中的應用,並著重介紹了卡羅爾·吉利根對科爾伯格理論的女性主義批評,她認為女性的關懷取向並非劣勢。此外,文本還考察了關懷倫理在家庭關系、對待全球貧困兒童和動物等實際情境中的應用和局限性,並討論了其與美德倫理的潛在聯系,暗示關懷倫理可能為傳統道德理論提供補充。最後,文章提出了社會和基因對男女道德思維差異的可能解釋,並強調了男性經驗對傳統倫理理論的深遠影響。
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