In this Christmas special, we look at two forms of valid arguments - Modus Pones and Modus Tollens. We then look at two forms of invalid arguments - Affirming the Consequent and Denying the Antecedent. Remember -

An argument is valid if ‘the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion’ or ‘where the conclusion necessarily or logically follows from the premises.’

Validity is about logical structure, not whether the argument sounds convincing or whether the conclusion is actually true.

With much thanks to my Christmas Elf Eilidh!

This episode dives into what worship means in Judaism and why it plays such a central role in Jewish identity. We explore the significance of the synagogue as a place of prayer, study, and community, and take a closer look at Shabbat — the weekly rhythm of rest, reflection, and connection to God. Finally, we examine the balance between individual and communal worship, including the importance of praying with a minyan, and how worship continues to shape Jewish life around the world today.

In this episode, we explore the High Holy Days — Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur — the most spiritually charged period in the Jewish year. We look at Rosh Hashanah as a time of creation, renewal, and honest self-assessment, exploring traditions like blowing the shofar, attending synagogue, and sharing symbolic festive meals. Then we follow the journey into Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement, with its themes of confession, forgiveness, and starting anew. From the solemnity of fasting and the Vidui confessions to the closing Ne’ilah prayers, we consider why this intense ten-day period remains profoundly meaningful for Jewish people today, wherever they live.

In this episode, we explore what it really means to live a Jewish life shaped by the Commandments. From the Ten Commandments to the 613 mitzvot found in the Torah, we look at how Jewish people understand divine law, why obedience matters, and how these commandments guide everyday behaviour.

In this episode, we explore Olam Ha-Ba — the “World to Come” in Jewish thought. What do Jewish people believe happens after death? Do all Jewish people even believe Olam Ha Ba refers to the afterlife?! How do ideas of reward, purification, and spiritual closeness to God shape ethics, daily life, and hope? We’ll unpack diverse interpretations and why this ancient concept still inspires reflection and moral responsibility today... for some.

In this episode, we take a blissfully unnecessary detour about the books in my study before diving into one of Judaism’s big ideas: the Messiah and the Messianic Age. We unpack where the belief comes from, how different Jewish movements understand it, and why the hope for a better world — whether led by a future leader or built by humanity — still matters today. A tidy shelf, a big topic, and plenty to think about.

A crisp overview of Jewish beliefs about judgment. We look at divergent views within Judaism, the importance of righteous action, and why Judaism often focuses more on life here-and-now than detailed afterlife descriptions.

A lively walkthrough of the Exodus narrative as a foundational moment for Jewish identity. We explore Moses, liberation, covenant renewal, and how these themes shape the celebration of Pesach today. Perfect for revising symbolism, historical importance, and links to Jewish beliefs about freedom and divine action.