Showing results by author "Jonathan Scott Holloway" in All Categories

Before Martin, before Malcolm—before Du Bois and Garvey sharpened their ideological blades—there was Kelly Miller. A pioneering mathematician, sociologist, and columnist, Miller was one of the most widely read Black intellectuals of the early twentieth century. Race Adjustment, first published in 1908, stood as his response to the tumult of Jim Crow America—a fiery, clear-eyed set of essays that refused to choose sides between Booker T. Washington’s cautious pragmatism and W.E.B. Du Bois’s elite-driven activism.

What does it mean to be an American? The story of the African American past demonstrates the difficulty of answering this seemingly simple question. This book illuminates the US's core paradoxes, inviting profound questions about what it means to be an American, a citizen, and a human being. This book considers how, for centuries, African Americans have fought for what the black feminist intellectual Anna Julia Cooper called "the cause of freedom." It begins in Jamestown in 1619, when the first shipment of enslaved Africans arrived in that settlement.

What does it mean to be an American? The story of the African American past demonstrates the difficulty of answering this seemingly simple question. If being "American" means living in a land of freedom and opportunity, what are we to make of those Americans who were enslaved and who have suffered from the limitations of second-class citizenship throughout their lives? African American history illuminates the United States' core paradoxes, inviting profound questions about what it means to be an American, a citizen, and a human being.