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Within Reason

Within Reason

By: Alex J O'Connor
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For the curious. A philosophy podcast that sometimes flirts with other disciplines, Within Reason has featured guests including Richard Dawkins, Douglas Murray, William Lane Craig, Peter Singer, Konstantin Kisin, and Neil deGrasse Tyson.Alex J O'Connor Philosophy Social Sciences
Episodes
  • #135 Christmas Isn't What You Think - John Nelson
    Dec 20 2025

    John Nelson earned a PhD in New Testament and Christian Origins from the University of Edinburgh in 2023. He writes for the Substack Behind the Gospels.

    His thesis is the first book-length study of Jesus' physical appearance in the Gospels. He runs a weekly Substack called "Behind the Gospels" which aims to make Biblical studies accessible to all.


    Timestamps:

    0:00 - Was Jesus Really Born on Christmas Day?
    2:51 - Are the Birth Narratives Attempts at History?
    6:34 - Where Was Jesus Actually Born?
    16:19 - Were the Birth Narratives Added Later?
    20:54 - Was Mary Really a Virgin?
    32:57 - Why Does Nobody Else Mention the Virgin Birth?
    37:39 - Was Jesus a Product of Adultery?
    42:22 - Was Jesus Born in a Manger?
    48:07 - Who Are the Magi?
    54:05 - Was the Star Really a Star?
    01:00:03 - Did Herod Really Order a Slaughter of Infants?
    01:06:26 - Is the Christmas Story Anti-Imperial?
    01:13:13 - Are Christmas Trees a Pagan Idol?
    01:16:12 - John’s Book and the Upcoming Tour

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    1 hr and 19 mins
  • 1.75m QnA - Triangles, Getting Owned by GodLogic, and Douglas Adams' Puddle
    Dec 19 2025

    Timestamps

    0:00 - 1,778,795 Q&A
    0:24 - How Are You?
    5:12 - If You Could Choose Your Date of Birth, When Would It Be?
    9:36 - Survival Tips From Bear Grylls?
    10:21 - How Do You Remember so Much Stuff?
    15:24 - What is Your Dream Podcast?
    17:01 - Doesn’t Consciousness Just… Emerge?
    29:26 - If You Clean a Vaccum, Are You a Vaccum Cleaner?
    35:41 - Is Water Wet?
    37:26 - How Many Holes Are In a Straw?
    40:55 - Is a Hot Dog a Sandwich?
    42:28 - Do You Edit Everything By Yourself?
    43:23 - What Would It Be Like to Observe a Contradiction?
    43:33 - Which Philosophical Concepts are Often Misunderstood?
    50:29 - When I Changed My Mind Mid-Debate
    01:01:49 - Would You Tour?

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    1 hr and 2 mins
  • #133 Hank Green on God, Science, and Consciousness
    Dec 7 2025

    Hank Green (@hankschannel) is one of YouTube's most beloved creators. One half of vlogbrothers, he is also the co-creator and host of SciShow and Crash Course.


    Timestamps:

    0:00 - Where Are All the Aliens?
    8:08 - What Makes Humans So Special?
    17:22 - Has the US Lost its Cultural Identity?
    29:34 - Martin Luther Wrong About God?
    36:30 - Is the World an Illusion?
    46:54 - Should We Believe Our Illusions?
    53:58 - How Objective is Science?
    59:41 - Does Science Explain Anything?
    01:11:10 - Could We Explain Cold to an Alien?
    1:22:03 - The Hard Problem of Consciousness
    01:27:44 - Will Computers Ever Become Conscious?
    01:35:58 - Do You Have Two Brains?
    01:42:30 - Should We Be Worried About TikTok?
    1:49:08 - Hank’s Video Ideas
    01:59:39 - What’s it Like Meeting Your Old Heroes?
    2:05:51 - Being a YouTuber

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    2 hrs and 13 mins
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