Examines budgeting as a strategic and operational planning tool. It outlines the structure of master budgets, describes their interdependent components, and reflects on the evolution from manual to automated budgeting systems.

Links managerial decision-making to Christian ethics and accountability. The lecture applies principles of integrity and stewardship to incremental analysis, make-or-buy, and keep-or-drop decisions, integrating qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

Builds on CVP concepts with break-even, target profit, and margin of safety analyses. It applies these techniques to strategic decisions regarding automation, pricing, and cost structure within relevant operational ranges.

Focuses on cost behavior and cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis. It introduces methods for analyzing mixed costs, such as scatter graphs and regression, and explains absorption versus variable costing in internal decision contexts.

Introduces activity-based costing (ABC) and activity-based management (ABM), contrasting them with traditional costing systems. The lecture illustrates how ABC improves precision and supports sustainability and operational efficiency using case examples.

Explores process and activity-based costing through the lens of stewardship and accountability. Biblical principles of resource management frame the study of cost flow, equivalent units, and FIFO versus weighted-average methods in process costing.

Introduces managerial accounting as an internal decision-making tool, distinguishing it from financial accounting. It explores cost classification, sustainability accounting, and decision analytics while underscoring the integration of biblical principles with data-driven managerial practices.