Matt 26: 26-28 And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, “Take, eat; this is My body.” Then He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. For this is My blood of the new covenant, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. Heb 13:20 Now may the God of peace who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, Heb 9: 17-28 For where there is a testament, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament is in force after men are dead, since it has no power at all while the testator lives. Therefore not even the first covenant was dedicated without blood. For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, saying, “This is the blood of the covenant which God has commanded you.” Then likewise he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry. And according to the law almost all things are purified with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no remission. Therefore it was necessary that the copies of the things in the heavens should be purified with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ has not entered the holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us; not that He should offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the Most Holy Place every year with blood of another— He then would have had to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now, once at the end of the ages, He has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. And as it is appointed for men to die once, but after this the judgment, so Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many. To those who eagerly wait for Him He will appear a second time, apart from sin, for salvation. Heb 10:28-30 Mosaic (old) covenant: - Ex 19-24, detailed throughout Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy -Ten Commandments- (Ex 20). -God & the nation of Israel ("you will be my treasured possession... a kingdom of priests and a holy nation" - Ex 19:5-6). -Blessings were promised for obedience, & curses for disobedience (Deut 28). -The system of sacrifices, the priesthood, and the temple were all "shadows" of the good things to come (Heb10:1) - The law acted as a mirror, as the Apostle Paul puts it, "through the law we become conscious of our sin" (Rom 3:20). The New Covenant -Prophesied in Jer 31:31-34 & Ezek 36:26-27. Instituted by Jesus at the Last Supper & explained in the New Testament epistles (especially Hebrews). -It is between God & all people who have faith in Jesus Christ, both Jews & Gentiles (Luke 22:20; Gal 3:28-29). -Internal & heart-centred: It is based on God's grace & promise, not human performance. Its blessings are received by faith, not earned by works of the law. The law is not abolished but internalised. God promises, "I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts" (Jer 31:33). This results in a genuine desire and empowerment to obey God from the inside out. -Forgiveness is part of the new covenant: It offers complete & final forgiveness. "For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more" (Jer 31:34). This is made possible by the once-for-all sacrifice of Jesus Christ (Heb 10:10-14). - Empowered by the Spirit: God promises, "I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit in you... I will put my Spirit in you and move you to follow my decrees" (Eze 36:26-27). The Holy Spirit is the seal and power of the new covenant.

#Deliverance from chaos, #Deliverance from curses, #Deliverance from demonic covenants or oaths, #Deliverance from ancestral worship & dedication

Latin Translation (Vulgate, 4th Century CE)

St. Jerome translated *Hêlêl* as *Lucifer* in the Latin Vulgate Bible.

1 Joh 3:7-8 Mar 16:14-18, 1 Joh 2:28

Rom 12:2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind

Eph 4:26-27, 2 Tim 1:7, Lk 10:18, Rev 12:3-9 \ The Red Dragon, Satan

Joh 10:10, Joh 14:30, Matt 13:18-23 \ The Parable of the Sower Explained

Isa 14:12-14 \ How you have fallen from heaven, You star of the morning, son of the dawn! You have been cut down to the earth, You who defeated the nations! But you said in your heart, ‘I will ascend to heaven; I will raise my throne above the stars of God, And I will sit on the mount of assembly In the recesses of the north. I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High

notes: Isa 14:12 Heb Helel; i.e., shining one

Comparative Analysis: Key Themes Across Cultures

2. Ancient Near Eastern & Greco-Roman Parallels

Phoenician/Canaanite: Some scholars link Hêlêl to the god Attar, who tried and failed to usurp Baal’s throne.

Greek: The myth of Phosphorus (morning star) falling from the sky resembles Isaiah’s imagery.

Roman: Lucifer was originally a minor deity of dawn

3. Medieval & Renaissance Demonology

The Devil became a horned, red-skinned figure (influenced by pagan gods like Pan and Cernunnos).

Goetic demons (e.g., in The Lesser Key of Solomon) were sometimes conflated with Hêlêl /Lucifer

4. Non-Western Perspectives

Zoroastrianism (Ahriman/Angra Mainyu): A dualistic adversary of Ahura Mazda, similar to Satan.

Buddhism (Mara): A tempter who distracts souls from enlightenment.

Hinduism (Ravana, Asuras): Powerful but prideful beings opposing divine order.

5. Babylonian – Ishtar’s Descent & Kingly Pride

The Epic of Gilgamesh and Ishtar’s Descent into the Underworld depict gods being humbled after overreaching ambition.

Role:

Gilgamesh is a semi-divine king of Uruk (2/3 god, 1/3 human) who begins as a tyrant, abusing his power.

His hubris (excessive pride) leads him to:

Oppress his people.

6. Gnostic & Occult Traditions – Hêlêl /Lucifer as Light-Bringer

a) Gnosticism – The Demiurge & Rebel Angel

Some Gnostic sects viewed the Demiurge (Yaldabaoth) as a false creator god, while Lucifer/Samael was a liberator who brought knowledge (gnosis).

Similar to Prometheus in Greek myth.

b) Thelema & Modern Occultism

Aleister Crowley and Thelemic tradition

Pre-Islamic Arabian Tradition (Jahiliyya Period)

Before Islam, Arabian polytheism had demonic and rebellious spirits.

a) Shayāṭīn (شياطين) – Evil Jinn; a general term for mischievous or malevolent jinn.

Some soothsayers (kāhins) claimed to be inspired by jinn, which Islam later condemned.

b) Azazil (عزازيل) – A Name Later Given to Iblis (from Judiasm & Christianity e.g, Book of Enoch, Apocrypha).

2. Mesopotamian & Babylonian Influence

Pazuzu(Babylonian demon of winds) was a malevolent spirit, like a devil & Lilitu (Lilith, Sumerian/Akkadian female demons ).

Conclusion

While Christianity and Judaism frame Hêlêl as Satan, the fallen angel, other traditions depict similar figures as:

Chaos deities (Ahriman)

Mythological usurpers (Attar)

Psychological obstacles (Mara)

Enlightened rebels (Gnostic/Occult Lucifer)

In pre-Islamic Middle Eastern traditions (many of which were later absorbed, suppressed, or reinterpreted under Islam), the figure analogous to Hêlêl/Lucifer/the Devil had different names and roles.