As Ireland basks in an unusual spell of hot weather, many are dealing with another less-welcome side effect of summer: hayfever. In this week’s episode of Show Me the Science, Professor Luke O’Neill unpacks the biology behind this common allergic reaction and explains the science that’s literally in the air.

Luke explores what hayfever actually is – and clears up a common misconception: despite the name, hay itself isn’t the cause. He looks back at when hayfever was first diagnosed, how our immune system responds to pollen, and why different types of pollen (from trees, grass, or weeds) affect people in different ways.

You’ll also learn about leukotrienes, powerful immune system chemicals that play a big role in allergic reactions (and which sound suspiciously like Luke O’Neill’s name). He discusses why some people are more prone to hayfever than others, and introduces the hygiene hypothesis, a theory suggesting that being exposed to a bit of dirt — or even your in-laws, as he jokes — might actually help your immune system in the long run.

Finally, Luke explains how antihistamines work, why they help relieve symptoms like sneezing and itchy eyes, and why they don’t always provide complete relief.

Whether you're suffering from seasonal allergies, curious about how the immune system overreacts to harmless particles, or just looking to understand why hayfever seems to hit harder some years, this episode is packed with useful, science-based insights.

💡 Got a science topic you'd love Professor Luke to cover?
Email your suggestions to laoneill@tcd.ie – your idea might feature in a future episode!

In this week’s episode of Show Me The Science, Professor Luke tackles a topic that has been requested: the shingles vaccine. Recent studies suggest that getting vaccinated not only decreases your risk of shingles but might also reduce the chances of developing dementia by 20% for those over 50.

Luke dives into how the shingles vaccine works, explaining the underlying science behind the varicella zoster virus and the two main vaccines available, Shingrix and Zostavax. He discusses the remarkable efficacy of Shingrix, the implications of recent research, and why understanding these vaccines is crucial for health, particularly as dementia rates continue to rise.

Join Luke as he unravels the fascinating connection between shingles vaccination and cognitive health!

In this week's episode of Show Me The Science, Professor Luke dives into the intriguing topic of "manopause."

Is there really a parallel transition for men similar to women's menopause? Luke explores the scientific evidence behind the fatigue, depression, and libido changes reported by many men in their middle years.

He juxtaposes this with the well-studied menopause in women, uncovering fascinating insights about the role of grandmothers in the survival of offspring in certain whale species.

Luke also unpacks how testosterone levels change with age in men and examines the controversial realm of testosterone replacement therapy.

In this caffeinated episode of Show Me The Science, Luke dives into the fascinating world of coffee! From its rich history to its surprising health benefits, discover why this beloved brew has captured the hearts—and minds—of millions.

Luke explores the science behind caffeine and how it keeps us alert by blocking adenosine in the brain. He unpacks the complex chemistry of coffee, revealing compounds that might help reduce inflammation and even guard against certain cancers.

But it's not all good news—Luke also highlights some potential drawbacks, especially for menopausal women, and shares a wild story about the most expensive coffee in the world.

Grab your cup and join the conversation about the science of coffee!

In this episode of Show Me The Science, Professor Luke delves into the intriguing relationship between magnesium and sleep, sparked by a listener's request. Is there any truth to the claims that magnesium supplements can help you catch some Zs?

Luke explores the essential role of magnesium in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body and how it affects processes like DNA replication and energy production. While there are plausible theories suggesting magnesium's potential to aid sleep, the scientific evidence remains unclear.

Join Luke as he navigates the science behind this mineral and its link to your nightly slumber! Zzzzzz....

In this episode, Professor Luke dives into the rapidly evolving world of artificial intelligence. From cutting-edge research to practical applications, the breakthroughs in AI are not only fascinating but potentially transformative.

Discover how innovative tools like the 'co-scientist' AI could revolutionize scientific collaboration, and explore the unique educational potential of AI using historical figures and fictional characters as virtual teachers.

We'll also delve into the curious emergence of virtual companions designed to reduce loneliness and the profound implications of AI in arguments and decision-making.

Join Luke as he navigates through the promising and sometimes concerning landscape of AI development that could reshape our future!

In this week’s episode, Luke O'Neill dives into the fascinating science of revision just in time for the leaving cert exams! Discover essential tips to improve your study techniques and enhance your exam performance, whether you’re cramming or preparing ahead.

Luke shares scientifically backed strategies, from the importance of planning and taking breaks to the benefits of methods like mind mapping and 'blurting.' Learn how to maximize retention and reduce anxiety, all while boosting your confidence.

Happy studying!

Thanks to St Patrick, we’re fine here in Ireland… However, around the world there are 140,000 deaths per year due to snake bites!

New research has shown that a universal treatment for snake bites may soon be possible.

How has an 18-year hobby of keeping pet snakes, turned into the basis for a universal anti-venom?

This is episode 218 - The Science Of Snake Venom.