Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) refers to bleeding within the brain parenchyma. The term should not be confused with intracranial hemorrhage, which is a broader term that encompasses bleeding within any part of the skull, i.e., extradural, subdural, subarachnoid, or intracerebral bleeding. The most significant risk factor for spontaneous ICH is arterial hypertension. Symptoms are often nonspecific (e.g., headache); however, depending on the affected vessel and cerebral region, focal neurological deficits (e.g., hemiparesis) may occur. Compared with ischemic stroke, patients with ICH are more likely to present with severe headache and have rapidly progressing symptoms. The initial imaging investigation of choice is CT head without contrast, which typically shows a hyperdense mass lesion. Treatment involves management of the underlying and associated conditions (e.g., controlling hypertension, reversing coagulopathy) in order to limit hematoma expansion and prevent secondary brain injury. In severe cases, neurosurgical intervention may be required. Approximately half of patients with spontaneous ICH die within 30 days of symptom onset. Traumatic ICH may result from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is managed similarly to spontaneous ICH.