Global H5N1 Bird Flu Surge: 777 Outbreaks in December 2025, Worldwide Spread Continues Across Continents
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About this listen
[Host upbeat intro music fades in]
Welcome to H5N1 Global Scan: Avian Flu Worldwide, your three-minute international focus on the evolving bird flu threat. Im Alex Rivera.
Since 2003, the world has seen 993 confirmed human H5N1 cases with 477 deaths, a 48% fatality rate, per the Centre for Health Protection report as of January 2026. No new human cases emerged from September 2025 to January 2026, with the latest in Cambodia. Yet animal outbreaks surge: December 2025 alone logged 777 highly pathogenic avian influenza events globally, including 169 in poultry, according to Beacon Bio.
Continental breakdown reveals persistence. In Asia, cumulative hotspots include Cambodia with 90 cases, China 57, Indonesia 200, Vietnam 130, and Egypt 359. Europe reports ongoing detections in birds and poultry across Estonia, Italy, France, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK, Poland, and Portugal in early 2026. The Americas face clade 2.3.4.4b spread since 2021, hitting 14 countries by 2023, now in mammals too, says PAHO. North America tallies US 71 human cases since 2024 mostly from dairy and poultry, plus Canada 2. Africa and South America see wild bird and marine mammal impacts.
Major research highlights Nature Communications findings: By spring 2025, genotype D1.1 dominated US wild bird flyways, especially in birds of prey, with migration driving spatial risks and weather influencing timing.
WHO tracks cases monthly via its Global Influenza Programme, urging IHR reporting for sporadic events. FAO and WOAH note 22 countries reporting mammal outbreaks since 2022. Global coordination ramps up through shared surveillance, but cross-border issues loom via migratory birds.
Trade impacts poultry exports: US detections in multiple states prompt culls, while Europes outbreaks hit farms in Italy and France. International efforts focus on early warnings.
Vaccine status: Human candidates advance, but no universal shot yet; poultry vaccines vary by nation.
National approaches differ: US emphasizes dairy worker surveillance with 22,600 tested; China manages H5N6 internally with 93 cases since 2014; Europe prioritizes biosecurity culls.
Stay vigilant as wild bird transmission risks grow.
Thanks for tuning in. Come back next week for more. This has been a Quiet Please production. For me, check out Quiet Please Dot A I.
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