In the premiere episode of Cardiovascular Matters, hosts Dr. Craig Walker and Terry Roberts delve into a comprehensive explanation of varicose veins and venous insufficiency.

Dr. Walker begins by providing context on the prevalence of venous disease, affecting over half of Americans. However, it is often misunderstood due to a lack of public education. He underscores that veins play a critical yet underappreciated role in circulating blood back to the heart for oxygenation.

A detailed description of venous anatomy and physiology is given. Valves in the veins help blood flow against gravity but can become dysfunctional, causing venous insufficiency. Signs like leg swelling and spider veins appear as a result of increased pressures within the veins.

Risk factors for developing insufficiency are explored. Jobs requiring long periods of standing, multiple pregnancies stretching veins, family history and weight all influence one's risk. Listeners gain valuable insights into what may predispose them.

Treatment approaches are separated into conservative and interventional options. Lifestyle changes like exercise and compression are first-line therapies if symptoms are mild. But more invasive procedures are needed for severe cases using laser, radiofrequency, foam and devices.

Terry asks thoughtful questions that provide opportunities for further explanation. Dr. Walker clarifies spider veins often signify deeper issues, and stresses the importance of upright ultrasound exams for accurate diagnosis.

This in-depth pilot episode leaves no stone unturned in the discussion of varicose veins. Listeners walk away with a comprehensive understanding of causes, signs, risk factors and a full spectrum of treatment strategies - both non-invasive and cutting-edge procedures. It establishes Cardiovascular Matters as must-listen resource for all seeking cardiovascular health insights.