Today we talk about how too much confidence is a bad thing. Tiggy tells James about how a flight ended in death and destruction when two pilots make a BET on how to land the plane. That bet costed lives, and what happened to the pilots?

https://www.scribbr.co.uk/bias-in-research/the-overconfidence-bias/

https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/career-map/sell-side/capital-markets/overconfidence-bias/#:~:text=Overconfidence%20bias%20is%20a%20tendency,behavioral%20finance%20and%20capital%20markets.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0970389615000944?via%3Dihub

https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2681&context=faculty_scholarship#:~:text=For%20income%2Dgenerating%20crimes%2C%20the,offending%2C%20controlling%20for%20other%20risk.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377781931_Managing_Overconfidence_Bias_in_Decision_Making_A_Review_of_the_Literature

https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/black-box-down/id1503540842?i=1000527474261

https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/326909

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeroflot_Flight_6502

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/06/world/europe/russia-plane-crash.html

https://www.unilad.com/community/russia-pilots-land-passenger-plane-blind-disaster-bet-792951-20231031

This case covers a domestic violence case and how a whole family can blow up at the hands of one person. Tiggy also educates James on the law of diminished responsibility.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M'Naghten_rules

https://askewslegal.co/insights/criminal-law/the-defence-of-diminished-responsibility/#:~:text=The legal defence of diminished,consideration of mental health factors.

https://www.britannica.com/science/mental-disorder

https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/full/10.1111/1556-4029.13789

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-22879041

https://www.essexlive.news/news/essex-news/familys-heartbreak-beloved-harlow-mum-9531224

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2340134/Mark-Golds-Let-finish--Murderer-demanded-police-let-stab-girlfriend-arrested-moments-fatal-knife-attack.html

https://www.itv.com/news/anglia/story/2013-06-12/harlow-killer-gets-life/

https://vlex.co.uk/vid/r-v-golds-792604053

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-20115446

https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/r-v-golds.php

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-18868258

https://supremecourt.uk/uploads/uksc_2015_0053_judgment_4d36e99af2.pdf

https://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2015-0053

This week we talk about how learned helplessness can cause inactivity. And what happens when that finally breaks. Featuring Eastenders, multiple body parts and a suspicious family member, this episode dives right in.

Definition:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325355#:~:text=In%20psychology%2C%20learned%20helplessness%20is,opportunities%20for%20change%20are%20available.

In academia:

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4920136/#:~:text=Learned%20helplessness%2C%20the%20failure%20to,learning%20undermined%20trying%20to%20escape.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/learned-helplessness.html

Learned helplessness in a criminal case:

https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/JCO/Documents/Judgments/tony-mccluskie-sentencing-remarks-30012013.pdf

https://www.standard.co.uk/news/crime/life-in-jail-for-brother-of-eastenders-actress-who-he-murdered-chopped-up-and-dumped-in-canal-8472964.html

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jan/30/brother-eastenders-gemma-mccluskie-murder

https://horridhackney.com/f/body-of-murdered-eastenders-actress-found-in-regents-canal-2012

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemma_McCluskie

https://www.itv.com/watch/evidence-of-evil/10a3266/10a3266a0009

https://www.bustle.com/p/where-is-tony-mccluskie-now-gemma-mccluskies-murder-is-the-subject-of-this-c5-doc-18145092

Episode two talks about racism, but in a slightly different way than you think! Can the FBI help solve this one, or is it the 'lowly' local police officer who knows better about this town?

Definition:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582860/#:~:text=This article reviews research examining,phenotypic characteristics of the face.

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.785283/full

In academia:

https://libkey.io/libraries/810/articles/5222464/full-text-file

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9138180/

In a criminal case:

https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6947630/bio/

https://murderpedia.org/male.L/l/lee-derrick-todd.htm

https://criminalminds.fandom.com/wiki/Derrick_Todd_Lee

https://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=90604&page=1#:~:text=Lee is black, but when,gone from white to black.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick_Todd_Lee

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7269294/carrie_lynn-yoder

Pictures:

https://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/21/us/louisiana-serial-killer-dies/index.html

https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/hear-from-families-of-derrick-todd-lees-victims-we-couldnt-be-happier-any-sense-of/article_f6c7971b-3241-5206-8f8a-14f9ab04a212.amp.html

Welcome back to another season of Case By Concept! Tiggy and James are back with their usual commentary. To kick things off this week we are looking at Victimology, and the case of Levi Bellfield.

https://www.alliant.edu/blog/what-is-victimology#:~:text=Characterized as the scientific study,restorative justice as a whole.

https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/397186

https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No70/No70_12VE_Dussich.pdf

https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/ccj230/chapter/1-14-victims-in-the-cj-system/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-35539761

https://www.itv.com/news/2016-01-27/milly-dowler-a-timeline-of-the-investigation

https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/special-features/milly-dowler---the-timeline-4814942

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jul/04/milly-dowler-voicemail-hacked-news-of-world

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Milly_Dowler

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_Bellfield#Kate_Sheedy

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-46787240

https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/incoming/gallery/levi-bellfield-spend-rest-life-4733693

How can a psychological and theoretical concept turn to murder? Find out on the season finale of Case By Concept!

Definition:

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/eugenics

In academia:

https://www-sciencedirect-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0140673623003306

https://www-cambridge-org.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/core/journals/history-of-education-quarterly/article/eugenics-sex-and-family-life-education-and-juvenile-delinquency-in-los-angeles-county-california/42B659EAD258BD002D2F589F33214482

https://aeon.co/essays/eugenics-today-where-eugenic-sterilisation-continues-now

In a criminal case:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders_Behring_Breivik

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/stories-57920682

https://www.britannica.com/event/Oslo-and-Utoya-attacks-of-2011

https://creation.com/anders-breivik-mass-murder

Pictures:

https://www.npr.org/2011/07/22/138626825/police-norway-bombing-shootings-domestic-terror

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/norwegian-mass-killer-breivik-sues-state-again-aftenposten-2023-08-18/

Question:

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8661660/Tracie-Andrews-unrepentant-as-she-is-freed-from-jail.html?ICID=continue_without_subscribing_reg_first

Can you say Machiavellianism? Tiggy struggles on this episode of Case By Concept.

Definition:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/machiavellianism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiavellianism_(psychology)

https://psychcentral.com/lib/machiavellianism-cognition-and-emotion-understanding-how-the-machiavellian-thinks-feels-and-thrives#Void-of-empathy

In academia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_triad

https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/epdf/10.1111/jopy.12251

https://fortune.com/well/2023/02/08/dark-personality-traits-narcissists-manipulators-in-the-workplace/#

Machiavellianism in a criminal case:

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13018142/

https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/from-the-archives-road-rage-killers-lies-131205

Pictures:

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/watch-tv-press-conference-convinced-13020925.amp

Question:

https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/mothers-undying-love-paved-road-1010858

https://crimebodge.co.uk/answers/can-the-police-lie-to-you/#:~:text=Under these rules, police officers,your account or catch inconsistencies.

https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/law-politics/research/impact/improving-protections-for-vulnerable-people-in-police-custody#:~:text=PACE Code C&text=It sets out the rights,injury or autism spectrum condition.

How does a false confession occur? What are the repercussions? Find out in this episode of Case By Concept.

Definition

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/false-confession

In academia:

https://www.law.umich.edu/special/exoneration/Pages/casedetailpre1989.aspx?caseid=25

https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_crossref_primary_10_1002_bsl_826

https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_webofscience_primary_000412826300001CitationCount

In criminal case:

https://www.barrybaines.co.uk/captivate-podcast/miscarriage-of-justice-stefan-kiszko/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lesley_Molseed

Pictures:

https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/real-life/man-touched-miscarriage-justice-visits-27095204

Question:

https://milwaukee-criminal-lawyer.com/pros-and-cons-of-a-no-contest-plea/