FULL SHOW NOTES

For summaries of Tim and Jon’s responses and referenced Scriptures, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Intro (0:00-3:17)
2. Are Jesus’ Brothers His Half-Brothers or Cousins? (3:17-19:21)
3. What Were Love-Meals? (19:21-31:11)
4. How Should Jude Influence How We Think About the Deuterocanon? (31:11-43:50)
5. What Did the Early Church Believe About Spiritual Beings Procreating? (43:50-50:41)
6. Why Are Demons Never Mentioned in the Gospel of John? (50:41-55:32)
7. Conclusion (55:32-1:00:08)

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• "Firstborn: The Last Will Be First" (podcast series)
• Jesus and the Jewish Roots of Mary: Unveiling the Mother of the Messiah by Brant Pitre
• The Affections of Christ Jesus: Love at the Heart of Paul’s Theology by Nijay K. Gupta
• Word Biblical Commentary Vol. 50, 2 Peter, Jude by Richard J. Bauckham
• Jesus and the Jewish Roots of the Eucharist: Unlocking the Secrets of the Last Supper by Brant Pitre
• Last Supper and Lord's Supper by I. Howard Marshall
• "How the Bible Was Formed" (podcast series)
• The Deuterocanon/Apocrypha (video series)
• "Why the Deuterocanon/Apocrypha Is in Some Bibles and Not Others" (article)
• The Unseen Realm: Recovering the Supernatural Worldview of the Bible by Michael S. Heiser
• Angels: What the Bible Really Says About God’s Heavenly Host by Michael S. Heiser
• Demons: What the Bible Really Says About the Powers of Darkness by Michael S. Heiser
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books here.

SHOW MUSIC

• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E6 — In the final nine verses of his letter, Jude transitions from warning about corrupt members to instructing the faithful. In so many words, he encourages them to keep pressing on as the living temple of God’s Spirit and love. Jude also guides them in how to care for the doubting and deceived in their community, while taking necessary caution for their own holiness. And he concludes with confidence in God’s ability to protect the Church and make them stand as blameless priests, all to the praise, honor, and majesty of God. In this episode, Jon and Tim finish our series in this short but powerful letter.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Letter Recap and Words of the Apostles (0:00-22:25)
2. Building Yourselves on Your Most Holy Faith (22:25-30:58)
3. Showing Mercy to Some and Rescuing Others (30:58-45:24)
4. Closing Doxology (45:24-1:08:56)

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• Eternal Life: Jon and Tim reference this video when discussing language in Jude’s doxology about ages.
• The Last Battle by C.S. Lewis
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books here.

SHOW MUSIC

• “jazz club.” by Lofi Sunday, PAINT WITH SOUND
• “Church Pews” by Lofi Sunday, Oly.Lo, WISDM
• “little adventure” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie. Powered and distributed by Simplecast.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E5 — In verses 11-16, Jude continues warning his Jewish messianic audience about deceptive, immoral people infiltrating their house churches. He compares them to three characters from the Hebrew Bible—Cain, Balaam, and Korah—who choose rebellion for themselves and lead others astray. Next, he compares the corrupt church members to a series of images from Scripture, including selfish shepherds, rainless clouds, and wandering stars. In this episode, Jon and Tim continue exploring Jude’s dense prose, where he seamlessly weaves together allusions to the Hebrew Bible and Second-Temple period literature into a piercing critique of imposters within a community of disciples.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Cain, Balaam, and Korah (0:00-23:23)
2. Six Images of Corrupt Leaders (23:23-37:45)
3. The Prophecy of Enoch (37:45-55:42)

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• Antiquities of the Jews by Josephus
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books here.

SHOW MUSIC

• “Gentle Lamb” by Lofi Sunday, Yoni Charis
• “Purple Clouds ft. Marc Vanparla” by Lofi Sunday
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E4 — In verses 5-7, Jude warns a Jewish Messianic community about a group of people in their midst who live without moral restraint and reject Jesus’ authority. After comparing them to a series of human and angelic rebels in the Hebrew Bible, Jude then calls out the corrupt church members in verses 8-10 as ones who “slander the glorious-ones,” referring to angels. What is Jude talking about, and why would slandering spiritual beings be considered offensive? In this episode, Jon and Tim explore the Hebrew Bible and Second-Temple period apocryphal literature to understand the unique role and revered status of angels among 1st-century Jewish people.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Recap of Introduction and Setup for Verses 8-10 (0:00-10:21)
2. Angels in the Hebrew Bible and Second-Temple Literature (10:21-39:02)
3. Michael the Archangel’s Restraint (39:02-1:06:12)

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• God and Spiritual Beings Podcast Series
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books.

SHOW MUSIC

• “Chillbop ft. Me & The Boys” by Lofi Sunday
• “Cherish ft. PAINT WITH SOUND” by Lofi Sunday
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E3 — After the letter’s opening appeal, Jude (or Judah) begins warning corrupt members of a Jewish messianic church community who cast off restraint and live openly immoral lives. He does so with an ancient rhetorical technique found in both the Hebrew Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls. Jude shares three stories of rebellion in the Hebrew Bible: the spies fearful of the promised land in Numbers 13-14, the “sons of God” in Genesis 6, and the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah in Genesis 19. Then he draws comparisons to the corrupt church members, promising they’ll receive the same judgment. Why does Jude write this way about the moral crisis in a church? What is he trying to communicate? In this episode, Jon and Tim explore verses 5-8, unpacking the dense biblical references and what they would have meant to Jude and his audience.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. A Jewish Rhetorical Technique (0:00-18:10)
2. Rebellion of the Spies, Sons of God, and Sodom and Gomorrah (18:10-36:41)
3. Concluding Thoughts on the First Triad (36:41-51:54)

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• The Dead Sea Scrolls (Pesharim)
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books.

SHOW MUSIC

• “Fellowship” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin
• “Peace With You ft. Oly.Lo” by Lofi Sunday
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie. Powered and distributed by Simplecast.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E2 — In the introduction to his letter, Jude (or Judah) shares that he had hoped to write about the community’s “shared rescue” of salvation in Jesus. But urgent problems in the church forced him to send a warning instead. He calls his readers to “contend for the faith once for all handed down,” describing this faith as made up of trust in the story of Jesus and loyalty to Jesus’ way of life. But what is the threat Jude wants them to guard against, and how does he describe it? In this episode, Jon and Tim break down the introduction to the letter of Jude, revealing a multitude of Hebrew Bible hyperlinks and a method of reading Scripture as unified meditation literature.

CHAPTERS

1. Loved, Kept, and Called (0:00-13:20)
2. Contend for the Faith (13:20-21:50)
3. The Irreverent Ones (21:50-36:43)
4. The Literary Design of the Letter (36:43-44:41)

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• Jude and the Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church by Richard Bauckham
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books.

SHOW MUSIC

• “Faithful ft. Marc Vanparla” by Lofi Sunday
• “City Sunset ft. Marc Vanparla” by Lofi Sunday
• “family dinner” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie. Powered and distributed by Simplecast.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Letter of Jude E1 — Jude is one of the shortest writings in the New Testament. It comes from one of Jesus’ own brothers (or cousins, or stepbrothers, depending on the tradition). Written in the early years of the Jesus movement, the letter addresses a Jewish community in Jerusalem or Galilee, made up of disciples who likely grew up with Jesus and knew his family. Jude (or Judah in Hebrew or Judas in Greek) is deeply rooted in the Hebrew Bible. His writing shows these roots through consistent biblical language and tons of hyperlinks. But who was Jude, and what do we know about his family and ancestors? In this episode, Jon and Tim introduce the background of this short letter and the larger world surrounding its author.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For chapter-by-chapter summaries, referenced Scriptures, and reflection questions, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Jude’s Identity and the Brothers of Jesus (0:00–8:29)
2. Jesus’ Brothers in the Gospels and Early Church (8:29–24:01)
3. James, Jude, and Their Descendants (24:01–44:15)

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

BIBLEPROJECT JUDE TRANSLATION

View our full translation of the Letter of Jude.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• Panarion by Epiphanius of Salamis
• The Perpetual Virginity of Blessed Mary: Against Helvidius by Jerome
• Proto-Gospel of James
• Commentary on Matthew by Origen
• Antiquities of the Jews by Flavius Josephus
• The Church History by Eusebius of Caesarea
• Check out Tim’s extensive collection of recommended books here.

SHOW MUSIC

• “afternoon reads.” by Lofi Sunday, PAINT WITH SOUND.
• “date night” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie. Powered and distributed by Simplecast.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

As we wrap up 2025, we’re celebrating two big milestones: 10 years and 500 episodes of exploring the Bible together! To mark the occasion, we’re strolling down memory lane to see how it all began. How does a side project recorded in a closet turn into a decade-long global conversation? In this episode, producer Lindsey Ponder interviews Jon, Tim, and other team members about how the show came to be, its growth over time, and how it continues to shape us, even as it helps hundreds of thousands of listeners experience the Bible as a unified story that leads to Jesus.

FULL SHOW NOTES

For detailed, chapter-by-chapter summaries and referenced resources, check out the full show notes for this episode.

CHAPTERS

1. Intro (0:00-2:22)
2. Before the Mic (2:22-11:17)
3. The Closet Under the Stairs (11:17-19:35)
4. A Growing Audience and Team (19:35-22:29)
5. The Podcast in Other Languages (22:29-30:03)
6. Hearing From Listeners, Plus Jon and Tim on What Motivates Them (30:03-44:15)

OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPT

View this episode’s official transcript.

REFERENCED RESOURCES

• Heaven & Earth video
• Genesis 1-11 video
• Genesis 12-50 video
• The Messiah video
• The Law podcast series
• God and Money podcast episode
• Revelation Premiere live event
• Proyecto Biblia Pódcast (Spanish localized podcast)
• Japanese localized podcast (Apple | Spotify)

SHOW MUSIC

• “The Way Forward” by Richie Kohan
• “Selah ft. Bobcat” by Lofi Sunday
• “Blue Sky ft. TBabz” by Lofi Sunday
• “She’ll Be Coming Round the Mountain” by Kashido
• “date night” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin
• “Bird In Hand” by Foreknown ft. JGivens
• “Eden Dreaming ft. sxxnt.” by Lofi Sunday
• "Defender (Remix)" by TENTS
• BibleProject theme song by TENTS

SHOW CREDITS

Production of today’s episode is by Jon Collins, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who also edited today’s episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty writes the show notes. The host and creative producer of this episode is Lindsey Ponder. Special thanks to all those interviewed: Jon Collins, Tim Mackie, Robert Perez, Dan Gummel, Tyler Bailey, Anna Wyche, Angela Keuter, and audience members Matthew, David, Emily, and Ausha.

Powered and distributed by Simplecast.

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.